New Study Links Low Spinal Bone Density to Accelerated Brain Aging

A new study conducted by researchers at Johns Hopkins University in the United States has revealed a significant link between low bone mineral density in the spine and accelerated brain aging. Published in the journal Radiology, the research highlights a potential pathway for early detection of cognitive decline using routine medical imaging scans already performed in clinical practice.

What the Study Discovered

Researchers analyzed data from 715 participants who underwent chest CT scans and cognitive assessments, followed by brain scans and additional memory tests several years later. Using a dedicated artificial intelligence algorithm to measure bone density from routine chest scans, the team found that low bone density correlated with structural damage to white matter in brain regions linked to executive functions, working memory, and attention.

Furthermore, participants with lower bone density experienced a faster rate of decline in cognitive test scores over time. The researchers emphasize that this does not establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship, meaning weak bones do not directly cause brain deterioration.

Shared Metabolic Factors

Radiologist Dr. Shadpour Demehri noted that the findings likely reflect shared metabolic aging processes, such as insulin resistance, lipid imbalances, and hormonal shifts during menopause. According to the researchers, artificial intelligence technology allows medicine to connect age-related conditions that have traditionally been studied separately, identifying common biological mechanisms.

Radiologist Dr. Sara Momtazmanesh explained that routine chest scans are frequently performed for lung cancer screening and other medical evaluations. In the future, analyzing bone density data from these existing scans could help identify individuals at higher risk for cognitive decline. However, the authors note that further long-term research is needed to determine whether these structural changes eventually develop into conditions such as dementia.