New RSV vaccine arrives: Ministry of Health expands protection for infants and the elderly

The Ministry of Health has updated its vaccination guidelines against the RSV virus, a leading cause of respiratory illness among infants, the elderly, and at-risk populations. The update introduces two new preparations, expands eligibility groups, and adjusts the schedule for protecting newborns.

The Epidemiology Division at the Ministry of Health published updated guidelines for HMOs on Monday. A key change is the postponement of the cutoff date for administering the preparation to newborns in hospitals from August 1 to September 1. The Ministry emphasizes that this change concerns only the administrative window for the program and does not alter the epidemiological definition of the start of the RSV season.

New preparations added

The update includes two new preparations:

• Enflonsia (Clesrovimab) — a passive vaccine for infants in their first year of life, now included in the health basket. Clinical data shows it prevented RSV-related hospitalizations by 84.2% and severe respiratory illness by 90%.

• mRESVIA — an active mRNA vaccine intended for individuals aged 60 and over, as well as those aged 18–59 at increased risk for severe RSV-related respiratory illness.

Additionally, the indication for the Arexvy vaccine has been expanded to include individuals aged 18–59 who belong to risk groups, excluding pregnant women.

Adjustments for infant protection

The Ministry clarifies that for infants in their first year of life, both Beyfortus and Enflonsia may be used, depending on availability at Tipat Halav stations and hospitals, with priority given to existing stock. It is crucial to adjust the Beyfortus dosage according to the infant's weight. During the second RSV season of a child's life, eligible children will receive only Beyfortus.

Prof. David Greenberg, Director of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit at the Saban Pediatric Hospital (Soroka Medical Center), explains:

"The RSV virus can cause significant respiratory illness, especially among infants and young children. Vaccination is one of the most effective tools for reducing the risk of severe illness and hospitalization. Alongside maintaining hygiene, it helps provide children with an important layer of protection during the season."

Prof. Greenberg adds that parents should be alert to early symptoms such as coughing, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, wheezing, or difficulty eating and drinking. Early identification and timely medical consultation can prevent deterioration.