IDF Protocol for Aircraft Distress Signals Explained by Former Commander
Former air defense commander Ran Kochav details the protocols activated when an aircraft transmits a distress code, including fighter jet scrambles and airspace closures.
Brigadier General (res.) Ran Kochav, former commander of the Israeli Air Force's Air Defense Command, explains that when an aircraft transmits a distress code, a standard procedure is initiated. "Attempts are made to establish radio contact with the aircraft, while simultaneously scrambling fighter jets to assess the situation inside the cockpit and passenger cabin," Kochav said.
Fighter jets can also visually inspect the exterior for identifiable malfunctions, such as landing gear issues. If there is suspicion of a hijacking, the objective is to intercept, divert, and escort the aircraft to a landing site within Israeli territory, preferably in an open area.
Kochav noted that concurrent measures are implemented in the airspace and at airports, including clearing the airspace and evacuating Ben Gurion Airport and Ramon Airport. Israel's airspace is typically closed in such scenarios until the flight status is clarified, while rescue, emergency, and counter-terrorism forces prepare for deployment.
Kochav added that the air force regularly practices this scenario through structured drills and unannounced exercises, integrating air control and air defense systems. Ground-to-air interception of a passenger plane carrying 180 Israeli passengers is not a practical option. However, aerial terrorism scenarios remain highly complex, particularly in the post-9/11 era, and specific protocols exist for threats targeting infrastructure such as the Azrieli Towers.
